Adolescentes y el barrio en el tiempo libre

The study was conducted in the Pitter Ferrera neighborhood in Bilwi city, Puerto Cabezas municipality, North Atlantic Autonomous Region. It highlights that, teenagers consider 24 hours a day as free time because they have no responsibilities, mainly boys are dedicated to listening to music, studying, watching television programs, sharing with friends. They rarely engage in other family activities. In addition, they like to be with their peers because the activities they propose and carry out are fun and entertaining; while family time is usually boring and full of chores and rules.  The study was conducted through interviews with the main actors and focus group with parents, direct observations in different sectors of the same neighborhoodEl estudio se realizó en el barrio Pitter Ferrera en la ciudad de Bilwi, municipio de Puerto Cabezas, Región Autónoma Atlántico Norte. Resalta que adolescentes consideran las 24 horas del día como tiempo libre porque no tienen responsabilidades, principalmente los varones se dedican a escuchar música, estudiar, ver programas de televisión, compartir con amigos. Escasamente realizan otras actividades familiares. Además, les gusta estar con sus pares debido a que las actividades que proponen y realizan son divertidas y entretenidas; mientras que el tiempo con la familia suele ser aburrido y estar lleno de tareas y reglas.  El estudio se realizó mediante entrevistas a los principales actores y grupo focal con padres y madres de familia, observaciones directas en distintos sectores del mismo barrio. &nbsp

Noise emitted from a generic side-view mirror with different aspect ratios and inclinations

Noise radiated from flow past different configurations of Half-Round Mirror (HRM) mounted on a plate has been investigated using computational aeroacoustics (CAA). The Stress-Blended Eddy Simulation (SBES), together with the Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings (FW-H) acoustic analogy, was employed to predict near field flow and far-field noise, respectively. The numerical methodology was verified and validated for the standard HRM by comparing against several previously published numerical and experimental data sets. Further, the (i) choice of different type of grids for CAA and (ii) applicability of methods such as Kirchhoff integrals and FW-H evaluated using near field inputs computed from SBES are assessed. The predictions from the SBES–FW-H methodology show good agreement with both the previously published experimental and numerical results for the standard HRM case. As a next step, the effect of induced noise from the HRM for a different a) aspect ratios (AR) ranging from 1 to 2.5 and b) inclination of the mirror towards the plate (θ) ranging from 0° to 32° were investigated. For all the investigated cases, the distribution of the radiated noise exhibits a dipole-like structure closer to the plate and a monopole-like structure away from the plate. By inclining the mirror closer to the mounting plate reduced the emitted noise both in the vertical and lateral directions of the wake, whereas an increase in the AR of the mirror increases the induced noise considerably. The findings from the current study can provide a deeper understanding for effectively mitigating the induced aerodynamic noise from side-view mirrors

The Progressive Increase of Food Waste in America and Its Environmental Impact

Food waste contributes to excess consumption of freshwater and fossil fuels which, along with methane and CO2 emissions from decomposing food, impacts global climate change. Here, we calculate the energy content of nationwide food waste from the difference between the US food supply and the food consumed by the population. The latter was estimated using a validated mathematical model of metabolism relating body weight to the amount of food eaten. We found that US per capita food waste has progressively increased by ∼50% since 1974 reaching more than 1400 kcal per person per day or 150 trillion kcal per year. Food waste now accounts for more than one quarter of the total freshwater consumption and ∼300 million barrels of oil per year

School-Based Relationships Among Children with or at Risk for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders

We investigated the influence of a teacher’s perceived emotional state (e.g., feeling emotionally exhausted; feeling accomplished) on the association between parent-teacher relationships and teacher-child conflict among young children. We used pretest data from a pilot study examining the efficacy of a socio-emotional learning intervention for children with or at risk for emotional or behavioral disorders (EBD). Twenty-six teachers and 45 children (Mean age= 7.46 years; SD = 1.21) participated in the intervention. Teachers rated their relationships with children and their parents using the Parent-Teacher Relationship Scale and Student-Teacher Relationship Scale. Multilevel models showed that teachers with a higher sense of personal accomplishment evidenced a negative association between parent-teacher relationships and teacher-child conflict. However, for teachers who felt emotionally exhausted or those who had a lower sense of personal achievement, the association between parent-teacher relationships and teacher-child conflict either remained unchanged or was positive. We conclude by discussing findings in relation to the importance of increasing teacher efficacy, reducing teacher burnout, and strengthening parent-teacher relationships in schools to improve teacher-child relationships and children’s psychosocial outcomes

New tunnel diode for zero-bias direct detection for millimeter-wave imagers

High-resolution passive millimeter wave imaging cameras require per pixel detector circuitry that is simple, has high sensitivity, low noise, and low power. Detector diodes that do not require bias or local oscillator input, and have high cutoff frequencies are strongly preferred. In addition, they must be manufacturable in large quantities with reasonable uniformity and reproducibility. Such diodes have not been obtainable for W-band and above. We are developing zero-bias square-law detector diodes based on InAs/Alsb/GaAlSb heterostructures which for the first time offer a cost-effective solution for large array formats. The diodes have a high frequency response and are relatively insensitive to growth and process variables. The large zero- bias non-linearity in current floor necessary for detection arises from interband tunneling between the InAs and the GaAlSb layers. Video resistance can be controlled by varying an Alsb tunnel barrier layer thickness. Our analysis shows that capacitance can be further decreased and sensitivity increased by shrinking the diode area, as the diode can have very high current density. DC and RF characterization of these devices and an estimate of their ultimate frequency performance in comparison with commercially available diodes are presented

Drug discovery: A jump-start for electroceuticals

Imagine a day when electrical impulses are a mainstay of medical treatment. Your clinician will administer electroceuticals that target individual nerve fibres or specific brain circuits to treat an array of conditions. These will modulate the neural impulses that control the body, repair lost function and reinstate a healthy balance. They could coax insulin from islet cells, regulate food intake, and control inflammation. They may treat pressing major ailments such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity, heart failure, pulmonary and vascular disease. All this is within reach, we argue, if researchers from disparate disciplines in academia and industry work together. We herewith outline what needs to be done to bring about electroceuticals, and unveil a public-private research initiative and award that aim to catalyse the field

A Drosophila screen identifies NKCC1 as a modifier of NGLY1 deficiency

N-Glycanase 1 (NGLY1) is a cytoplasmic deglycosylating enzyme. Loss-of-function mutations in the NGLY1 gene cause NGLY1 deficiency, which is characterized by developmental delay, seizures, and a lack of sweat and tears. To model the phenotypic variability observed among patients, we crossed a Drosophila model of NGLY1 deficiency onto a panel of genetically diverse strains. The resulting progeny showed a phenotypic spectrum from 0 to 100% lethality. Association analysis on the lethality phenotype, as well as an evolutionary rate covariation analysis, generated lists of modifying genes, providing insight into NGLY1 function and disease. The top association hit was Ncc69 (human NKCC1/2), a conserved ion transporter. Analyses in NGLY1-/- mouse cells demonstrated that NKCC1 has an altered average molecular weight and reduced function. The misregulation of this ion transporter may explain the observed defects in secretory epithelium function in NGLY1 deficiency patients